Family Matters: Literary Analysis of the Veldt and Heart of a Dog Essay

Family Matters: Literary Analysis of The Veldt and Heart of a Dog A family unit is like a fragile, expensive artifact. It can be absolutely beautiful, but it can also absolutely shatter into a million pieces if the wrong entity gets ahold of it. Sometimes, this critical entity that shatters it may be technology that has been used in the wrong ways. In both The Veldt, by Ray Bradbury, and Heart of a Dog, by Mikhail Bulgakov, the power of technology threatens to bring down the family unit as the reader commonly knows it. The technology in each book first grows the idea of family, but ultimately ends up hurting the social dynamic of the family it had hoped to expand. These books explore the problems that technology causes that were originally trying to fix them. In this way, technology helped to support these families initially, but eventually knocked them down, shattering them hopelessly into the ground. In Ray Bradbury’s The Veldt, the Hadley family wanted technology to make their lives easier, more carefree, and as a life enhancer. They made their house do everything possible to mechanize ordinary household chores. The â€Å"Happylife Home†¦clothed and fed and rocked them to sleep and played and sang and was good to them† (12) this indicated the attempt to create an environment that would be free of worries. The nursery, the dreamlike play place George Hadley had installed because â€Å"nothing is too good for our children† (14) was so amazing that George was â€Å"filled with admiration for the mechanical genius who had conceived this room† (15) In this sense, George was doing what he could for his family, trying to bring them closer by providing the means to a happier existence for his kids, as well as his wife. With every chore taken care of, what worries could one possibly have? As the family would eventually find out, there were quite a few problems. Very quickly did this dreamlike world filled with easiness and carefree living come crashing down on the Hadley’s. With her regular duties such as cooking and cleaning taken up by the omnipresent house, Lydia Hadley was deprived of her usual sanity she finds in her chores. She vents about her replacement as a caretaker in the family when she states, â€Å"I feel like I don’t belong here. The house is wife and mother now, and nursemaid. Can I compete with an African veldt? Can I give a bath and scrub the children as efficiently or quickly as the automatic scrub bath can? I cannot. † (16) While the house was designed to make Lydia’s home life much less stressful, she laments the fact that her place in the family has been overtaken by an inanimate object, and that she has lost all hope of connecting with her family. She is also not the only person whose role has changed via the house’s ‘do everything’ programming. Lydia comments on her husband’s nature by saying â€Å"You look as if you didn’t know what to do with yourself in this house, either. You smoke a little more†¦drink a little more†¦need a sedative every night. You’re beginning to feel unnecessary too. † (17) These mechanical tools that were intended to increase family bonding time by taking away chores have instead induced a sense of laziness. This was a critical step for the Hadley’s, replacing everyday work not with enriching playtime, but with sheer boredom, showing how this technology has worsened their conditions. The technology essentially replaced George and Lydia as parents and caretakers, setting the stage for a social upheaval in the family. When the nursery was left to its own devices, the kids, Peter and Wendy, grew in power, seemingly overthrowing George and Lydia, ceasing to listen to them anymore. A chilling example of this is when George threatens to turn off the house and Peter coldly states, â€Å"I don’t think you’d better consider it any more, Father. † To which George replies â€Å"I won’t have any threats from my son! † (23) This shows how the power balance has shifted from the adults to the kids. Peter turns into a cold, mean-spirited son when George keeps threatening to turn off the house, boldly proclaiming â€Å"Oh, how I hate you†¦ I wish you were dead! † (26) This is simply foreshadowing a few pages later when the kids lock George and Lydia into the nursery with the lions, to be brutally murdered. Over the course of just a short time, the reader witnesses how the technology of the house had overturned a seemingly happy family into a socially backward, messed up family. In Mikhail Bulgakov’s Heart of a Dog, Philip Philippovich uses his surgical practices in order to create a family unit, which ultimately runs astray. Philippovich uses his technology on the dog Sharikov in order to transform he dog to a human and assert his dominance over this human that he creates. It is an incredible undertaking in technology that starts with a positive thought about creation, yet ends in pure misery and despair. While Preobrazhensky may not have the stereotypical family situation, it can be argued that by asserting his status as master of Sharikov, Preobrazhensky was claiming his status as a father figure for Sharikov. One such time where Sharikov calls Philipovich his dad is during a meal in which Philipovich is being very impatient with Sharikov, and Sharikov retorts, saying â€Å"You’re getting too hard on my, dad. (70) While Philipovich gets very defensive about this statement, and doesn’t want to be called a dad, the fact that Sharikov even considers this a possibility is a huge telltale sign into their social structure of the home. It is also essentially the beginning of the end for their life as a family unit. While the technology of the surgery may have led to a creation of a family dynamic between Sharikov and Preobrazhensky, however, eventually this same dynamic eventually crashes, and the same technology used to create a human being to a dog, transforms that same hu man back into a dog. This represents the dismantling of a family unit by the hands of the same technology that set it up in the first place. Philippovich has an epiphany near the end of the novel, realizing he does not need to be a creator, a father figure, when nature itself will take care of the creating. Preobrazhensky grumbles, â€Å"[The surgery] might be possible to turn a dog into a highly advanced human. But what the hell for? †¦ Doctor, the human race takes care of this by itself, and every year, in the course of its evolution, it creates dozens of outstanding geniuses who adorn the earth, stubbornly selecting them out of the mass of scum† (103). This is when he decides that the technology he has been using to create his family dynamic is essentially useless, and that the technology of the surgery only caused him more harm than good. In comparing these two books readers can see how the use of different forms of technology worked on each family unit in similar ways, leading to a destruction of family. In The Veldt, the Hadley family comes as an already established, traditional family structure, however, upon the introduction to technology seemingly falls apart at the seams. This is contrasted to the Heart of a Dog, where the definition of family is slightly different. In this book, the reader can see how technology singlehandedly create and then pull apart a family structure, effectively showing the immense power that this technology has. In each book, however, we can see the huge difference that this technology makes on the family. The Veldt has a murderous ending which can be solely attributed to the new technological advances of the nursery. The Heart of a Dog displays a harsh yet familial father-son relationship that breaks down with the misuse of the powerful technology that created it. Through these two novels the reader discovers how technology, when misused, can cause the serious destruction of family. Both Bradbury and Bulgakov challenge the notion that technology is always progressive in nature, and instead offer an alternative, showing how technology can instead break and crumble an important social institution. Both stories can be looked at as at one point incredible artifacts which, via the mistaken power of technology, collapsed onto themselves and shattered into mess.

Fluency in a Foreign Language Essay

Thesis: Fluency in a foreign language should be required for all students before graduation from high school. Introduction: In a world of advancing technology and higher education, it is imperative that students take the time to develop unique talents and skills in order to gain a competitive edge over the average individual. I. Fluency in a foreign language builds character. A. The time and commitment required from students to learn an entire new alphabet and vocabulary builds diligence. B. The achievement realized by students as they begin to understand and converse in a second language produces confidence. II. Fluency in a foreign language builds life skills. A. The ability to converse fluently in another language with an entirely new realm of people builds communication skills. B. The readiness to alternate between languages with family and friends builds flexibility skills. III. Fluency in a foreign language creates unique opportunities. A. Fluency in a foreign language gives unique traveling opportunities. B. Fluency in a foreign language creates unique job opportunities Fluency in A Foreign Language Should Be Required For All Students Before Graduation From High School In a world of advancing technology and higher education, it is crucial that students take time to develop unique talents and skills which will give them a competitive edge over the average individual. Though many doubt the ability of fluency in a foreign language to advance students in society, businesses, educational systems, governmental offices, and health care departments are all eager to hire students with skills in foreign languages. As globalization becomes more prevalent, foreign language skills are quickly becoming a vital factor in preparation for the future. Fluency in a foreign language should be required for all students before graduation from high school. First of all, fluency in a foreign language builds character. The time and commitment required from students to learn an entire new alphabet and vocabulary builds diligence. According to Walter Pauk, a prominent professor of education at Cornell University, developing an open mind to new phrases and grammar structures along with finding the time required to practice them are two difficulties commonly encountered when studying a foreign language (Pauk 2). Young mindsets are impressionable, and habits are installed early on as students begin to discover and incorporate grammatical structures particular to their mother tongues. In order to break these habits, students in foreign language study must constantly open their minds to accept new rules that are introduced. While relearning and sounding out basic vowels, students must also adjust to sentence patterns that have been completely inverted. Students learn to work efficiently with limited time allowances available between their busy schedules of daily life, striving to move beyond formerly learned language habits. Distractions are pushed aside as students repeat new sentence patterns, rewrite new alphabets, and reread literature that seems to make no sense. The Department of Education from the University of Pennsylvania reports, â€Å"The nature of language immersion teaches students how to stick to difficult tasks. This diligence translates to better performance on exams, because students will be more likely to persist on challenging problems† (in White 2). Regardless of how difficult a task appears to be, students who have mastered another language view the situation simply as one giant project to be conquered bit by bit. Constant and sincere effort spent learning a foreign language produces a firm determination in students to persevere and achieve their set goals. While the important character trait of diligence is being formed through foreign language study, the achievement realized by students as they begin to understand and converse in a second language is also producing a separate character trait of confidence. Introductory lessons in a foreign language start out as seemingly impossible to master, yet in due time begin to make sense. Excitement escalates as the brain starts functioning in another language and continues beyond the first few lessons alone. Dincay, a professor at Istanbul Arel University, notes, â€Å"the feeling of accomplishment that comes with [students’] first steps toward a second language can spur them on to a deeper and broader passion for learning in general† (Dincay 1). Students who reach an expertise level in foreign language carry that same capability acquired first through language studies over into other realms of life, producing competent results beyond areas concerning language alone. In her article, â€Å"Benefits of Being Bilingual,† Marcos writes, â€Å"Studies suggest that persons with full proficiency in more than one language (bilinguals) outperform similar monolingual persons on both verbal and nonverbal tests of intelligence† (Marcos 1). Proficiency in a foreign language develops a needed sense of accomplishment in students, enabling them to move on and conquer other tasks and responsibilities with rare poise and fortitude. They realize that unlike monolinguals, their lives are not confined to one culture alone, but can easily extend to impact an incredible realm of people throughout their lives. Fluency in a foreign language builds character traits such as diligence and confidence, both needed in daily life yet hard to produce. Secondly, fluency in a foreign language builds life skills. The ability to converse fluently in another language with an entirely new realm of people builds communication skills. Students unfamiliar with another country’s language will find it more difficult to understand and accept the specific guidelines associated with the language; however, as Ting-Toomey, professor of Human Communication studies at California State University, writes in her book, â€Å"To the native speakers, the rules of their language make perfect sense and are naturally more logical than those of any other languages† (Ting-Toomey 86). Fluency in a foreign language carries students far past the simple phrases of â€Å"Hello,† â€Å"How are you,† and â€Å"I love you,† and allows them, like the natives, to converse comfortably through a completely foreign vocabulary and grammatical set-up. Once students comprehend and begin to intelligently utilize a foreign language, they are able to understand and relate to the society and culture in a way that many never will. Ted Ward, Dean of International Studies and Missions for a time at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, writes in his book that â€Å"a highly competent level of [foreign] language skill allows [students] to conceive ideas and communicate them in a way that is synchronous with those of the people of the host culture† (Ward 154). Whereas monolinguals are often confined to the society of others who speak their language, students fluent in a foreign tongue are free to get involved in a second world. Benefits produced from the time and effort spent in mastering another language include filling out visa forms, reading public newspapers, and ordering from local restaurant menus with ease. Teaching, debating, and participating in discussions with words and phrases making the most sense to native speakers are yet other privileges opened up to students with foreign language skills. Along with better communication, the readiness to alternate between languages with family and friends builds flexibility skills. Bhattacharjee, author of the article â€Å"Why Bilinguals Are Smarter,† states, â€Å"In a bilingual’s brain both language systems are active even when he is using only one language, thus creating situations in which one system obstructs the other† (Bhattacharjee 1). Students must constantly determine which language their listeners will understand and recall the correct words and grammatical format to use with that particular language. Though it might seem terribly overwhelming at first, Bhattacharjee concludes that â€Å"this interference . . . isn’t so much a handicap as a blessing in disguise [,] . . . [forcing] the brain to resolve internal conflict, giving the mind a workout that strengthens its cognitive muscles† (Bhattacharjee 1-2). Students fluent in a foreign language respond immediately to one picture, sentence, or idea with two answers from two different languages. Sometimes one particular language carries a better explanation or definition than another, and for the student fluent in a second language, the opportunity is open to decide which language better suits certain situations. Definitions go beyond one explanation alone, and society life is extended to two worlds rather than one. Students can be taught, or teach others from two vastly different spheres of humanity and not be overwhelmed. Third and finally, fluency in a foreign language creates unique opportunities. Fluency in a foreign language gives unique traveling opportunities. While discussing various advantages given to foreign language students, Dincay shares that although thousands of people gain from their travels across the globe each and every year, it is the bilingual students, particularly, which receive the much broader traveling experience. While everyday tourists remain simply outsiders peering through a glass into another country’s unique culture, those familiar with and fluent in the native tongue are able to step beyond that glass barrier and enjoy their visits with full easy and liberty (Dincay 2). Whether visiting historical landmarks, using public transportation systems, or shopping in local markets, students fluent in the foreign language of the country are not restricted to taking pictures, relying on others’ directions, or following suggested prices. They may raise questions over history, follow posted transportation signs, and bargain for better values. Fluency in a foreign tongue gives traveling students an opportunity to stand out with something special that most tourists cannot claim. In his book Why Johnny Should Learn Foreign Languages, Huebener states, â€Å"The American businessman who can speak the foreign tongue fluently and who can make intelligent comments on the art and literature of the country will gain not only the business but also the respect of the person he is dealing with† (Huebener 46). Tremendous time and energy are required to reach fluency in a language, and communicate incredible care and consideration to the country’s citizens as the student is seeking to enter their world and communicate with them on a much more intimate level than sign language alone. Many societies take great pride in their native language and culture and when another individual has developed a firm knowledge and unders tanding of it, the natives, in turn, form a strong appreciation and respect for these students that many outsiders have not taken the time to earn. Fluency in a foreign language does not only create unique traveling opportunities, but also gives unique job opportunities. As the world advances in higher education and technology, men across the globe are seeking to make resources available to all. As one director in the Center for Applied Linguistics shares, â€Å"The need for individuals who can speak and understand languages other than English is acute . . . from business and social services to national security and diplomacy† (Malone et al. 1). A stronger focus on internationalism is emerging, making interaction with people from different linguistic backgrounds inevitable. Washington State University advertises a brochure that considers careers such as â€Å"government, business, law, medicine and health care, teaching, technology, the military, communications, industry, social service, and marketing† to be promising fields for students fluent in a second language, namely because â€Å"an employer [sees them] as a bridge to new clients or customers† (â€Å"Knowing Other Languages Brings Opportunities† 2). Students fluent in a foreign language can easily connect businesses with customers from a wide array of linguistic backgrounds and handle international business without hiring outsiders to translate. Proficiency in a second language is a skill envied and sought after by several employers as they seek to hire a staff to serve and elevate their organization to its maximal potential. Fluency in a foreign language should be required for all students before graduation from high school. The advantages produced from foreign language fluency are incredible and the opportunities limitless. Students are set up for successful futures in modern society as they leave high school and transition into the career world as young adults, able to communicate freely and work confidently in global communities around the world. The foundation laid is vital for young people going out to begin their adult lives in today’s world. Bibliography Bhattacharjee, Yudhijit. â€Å"Why Bilinguals Are Smarter.† The New York Times. The New York Times, 17 Mar. 2012. Web. 15 Oct. 2012. Budig, Gene A. â€Å"Foreign Language Study Vital to U.S. Students.† Lawrence Journal World (8 May 2010): SR12. LJWorld.com. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. Dincay, Turgay. â€Å"Advantages of Learning a Foreign Language at an Early Age.† Today’s Zaman. Today’s Zaman, 25 Nov. 2011. Web. 9 Oct. 2012. Hawkins, Eric W. â€Å"Foreign Language Study and Language Awareness.† 1999: 124-42. Web. 2 Nov. 2012. Huebener, Theodore. Why Johnny Should Learn Foreign Languages. Philadelphia: Chilton Company, 1961. Print. â€Å"Knowing Other Languages Brings Opportunities.† New York: Washington State University, n.d. Foreign Languages and Cultures. Washington States University. Web. 4 Nov. 2012. Malone, Margaret E., et al. â€Å"Attaining High Levels of Proficiency: Challenges for Foreign Language Education in the United States.† CAL.org. Center For Applied Linguistics, 2005. Web. 2 Oct. 2012. Marcos, Kathleen M. â€Å"Benefits of Being Bilingual.† CAL.org. Center For Applied Linguistics, n.d. Web. 09 Oct. 2012. Pauk, Walter. â€Å"Studying Foreign Languages .† UWEC.edu. University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, 13 Jan. 2012. Web. 7 Oct. 2012. Ting-Toomey, Stella. Communicating Across Cultures. New York: Guilford, 1999. Questia. Questia. Web. 2 Nov. 2012. Ward, Ted W. Living Overseas: A Book of Preparations. New York: Free Press, 1984. Print. White, Mercedes. â€Å"Language Immersion Classrooms: Programs Are Popular, Diligence Translates to Performance.† Deseret News. Deseret News.com, 29 Jan. 2012. Web. 1 Nov. 2012.

Research/ Detail Paper of the Religion of the Sunni Muslim People Research

/ Detail of the Religion of the Sunni Muslim People - Research Paper Example Although several branches of Islam exist, Sunni Muslims are the largest by followership, accounting for about 80 percent of the world’s Muslim population, followed by the Shi’a at approximately 10 percent. As a branch of Islam, the Sunni emerged in the 7th century C.E. in the Middle East after disagreements arose over who would succeed Prophet Muhammad. At the height of the disagreement, the Sunni advocated for the selection of a successor (also referred to as caliph) by the entire Muslim community, but the Shi’a believed that Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law and also cousin, had been chosen by the prophet to succeed him. This paper will research specific features and viewpoints of the Sunni Muslim and describe their past, present and future. It will further highlight their conflicts and where they stand on the worldview and in the eyes of the US government and the Taliban. At this point, it is important to mention that the defining belief of the Taliban is Sunn i Islam; however, their interpretation and practice of Islam, including Sharia law and female brutality, informed scholars’ decision to refer to them as fundamentalists or extremists (Goodson, 2002). The term Sunni is derived from the word Sunnah, which is an Arabic term that translates into â€Å"the traditions of Prophet Muhammad†. The Sunni Muslims agree with the other Islamic branches on many practical and theological aspects. This is because Islamic life stems from and is defined by Sharia (or Islamic) law. However, the areas that are unique to Sunni Muslims and set them apart from the start include the fact that they developed and grew from a controversy; they do not agree with claims that a successor was named by the prophet; they believed that companions of the prophet had authoritative leadership; and they relied on the consensus of scholars and religion. More contemporarily is their typical emphasis of Allah’s power and how he determines human fate. Th eir definition of what it entails being a Muslim is more inclusive, and that is why their tradition places prominence on the functions of religion in family (such as marriage, inheritance, divorce), political and public life (Goodson, 2002). For a better insight into Sunni Muslims, the research will be split into sections. Further, because the essence of Sunni Muslims is founded on their differences with the Shi’a Muslims, comparisons between the two will be used for the purpose of emphasis. History Although the Sunni would later develop theological and legal traditions and structures over the centuries, its fundamental origins are embedded in the caliph succession dispute. The 632 C.E. death of Muhammad pitted the Muslim community into a leadership wrangle because Muhammad did not have living heirs, who were required to be male. Without one that the community could agree upon, it followed that they split along the lines of choice of a leader, ending up with the Sunni and Shi ’a. Each sect had several subdivisions, but the Sunni and the Shi’a still represent the key divide in Islam (Johnson, 2010). Those who did not back the leadership of Ali adopted the name Sunni, which is a term that derives from ahl al-sunna wa al-jamaa. This is an Arabic phrase referring to a group of people who consider themselves to follow the ways of the prophet and are people of the community. They decided that the next caliph should come from the Quraysh tribe, to which the prophet belonged. Literature on Sunni history indicates that while the prophet

Lane college Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lane college - Essay Example Lane College has such an environment where one wants to learn more and more. Learning and spreading knowledge is the unsaid slogan here. Good education guarantees successful future and a bright future is what is wanted by every individual who yearns to live a life of improved quality. When I will put my best efforts in achieving proper education, I will not have to struggle so hard to achieve basic luxuries of life. I believe that I will be able to get good job prospects after I come out of my professional education. I have always seen my mother struggling too hard to earn a living after the demise of my father. The hard times that my mother and I have seen have filled in me the utmost desire to gain higher education so that I do not have to live the life of unfulfilled desires. This ambition of mine has made me choose Lane College for further education and I am sure that this college and its knowledgeable staff will help me attain my desires.

Germany short essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Germany short essays - Essay Example In an effort to enhance reformation, Martin put great emphasis on the unity of the African-American through participating in movements that are present which will assist in overlooking African-American necessity that were waiting to be buried. The work and life events of Martin Luther were stressed exclusively making the history taught in schools expressed in different ways. Martin was an inspirational speaker, and he travelled to several parts of the country motivating people to live life full of racial harmony. Martin had idealistic mind and this was seen in his speeches that were idealistically rational and positive regarding his views on different things. One key event in Martin Luther’s life is when he talked about a vision he had where he sees his children live a life where they live without being judged on the basis of race but by the character they display. Martin’s philosophies believed in having equality through hard work, non-violence with the whites, and str ong leadership. He went on to urge the Blacks to try and earn their rightful place as being equal to the whites through having self-respect and moral standards that are of high value. Frederick the Great Frederick was a Prussian king in the 18th century and one of his famous accomplishments was the elevation of Prussia from a smaller power on an equal footing with other states such as Bohemia and Saxony making them great states with a lot of power and politics, the state joined with others which include France, Russia, Austria, among Poland and Britain; Prussia later became a leading faction in 1870s when the unification of Germany took place. Fredrick was a notable general who was famous for various victories against other forces such as the war that took place during the War of Austrian Succession that took place in the 1740s and in 1760s when the seven years of war took place. Fredrick’s armies were disciplined and tactical; this made them be admired by people such as Clau sewitz and Napoleon. During the reign of Fredrick, he enabled diplomatic revolution which occurred during the Australian Succession War; the revolution marked the switch of traditional allegiances between nations that are great powers. The French fought many conflicts with the Austrian and the British leading to coalitions; Prussian power rose in the hands of Fredrick making Austrians ally with the French who also became nervous about the activities of Prussia. British later switched alliances from that with Austria to that of Prussia completing a diplomatic revolution and later the nature in which politics is conducted. Main Reason for anti-Semitism Anti-Semitism is considered unique among the world hatred when combined in four aspects that include confusion – under this aspect; there is little agreement on the reasons for people to hate the Jews, longevity has been in existence for a long period of time, universality has been everywhere in the world, and intensity which has often been expressed in a manner that is virulent manner. According to historians, the reason why people are anti-Semitic is because the Jews are either powerful, lazy, too separate, threat to racial purity through practices such as pacifistic, capitalistic or communists that are revolutionist. All these reasons have nothing to do with being a Jew; hence one may think we are a victim of bad luck by possessing the desire to have quality of being hated wherever we are in the world. Various states have participated in

Persuavive Letter to I.M. Bibe stating the reasons that Bibe is bound Research Paper

Persuavive Letter to I.M. Bibe stating the reasons that Bibe is bound by the Contract - Research Paper Example A possible argument would be the intoxicating effect of wine that distorted your judgment; however, this will encounter legal obstacles. This is because an individual who is highly subdued by the wine cannot enter into valid contracts. As such, in an extreme intoxicated state your hand will not be firm enough to outline a clear signature. The signature was firm and accurate like your other signatures. Furthermore, there are few cases, which back Owen Lotts claim of holding you liable to the agreement. The courts set precedents on earlier cases that make it possible for the legal representation of Lotts to pursue this issue with vigor. The argument in Guidini vs. Guidini Case where the plaintiff claimed he was not sober upon making the agreement cannot apply. Although they are similar because Lotts was buying the wine for you (I.M.Bibe); furthermore, in the Guidini case, the contract was signed after two weeks (Guidici v. Guidici, 2 Cal.2d 497 (Cal., 1935). This technicality erodes an y binding precedent to the case since not all factors are similar. The case of Donnelly’s vs. Rees indicates that one of the parties was intoxicated and convinced into finalizing a contract (Donnelly v. Rees, 141 Cal. 56 (Cal. 1903). However, in the Donnelly’s case, the plaintiff was drunk for longer periods unlike in your setting where you had lunch. This is a basis to argue the non-application of this precedent in this case. Interestingly, the elements in Marron vs. Marron are similar to the Donnelly’s case, and will emphasize Lotts plea in affirming your liability (Marron v. Marron, 19 Cal. App. 326. (Cal.App. 1 Dist. 1912). It would be considerably difficult to present your innocence since no supportive precedent of your situation exists. Furthermore, in the case of Swan v. Tablot, the precedent was affirmative that equity will not allow an individual to escape liability claiming he was not sober upon

Global Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Global Marketing - Case Study Example 2.2 Economic Factors 6 2.3 Social Factors 6 2.4 Technological Factors 7 2.5 Environmental Factors 8 2.6 Legal Factors 9 3.0 Risk Analysis of China 10 4.0 Risk Analysis Commentary 14 5.0 Recommendations 15 Appendix 17 Works Cited 18 1.0 Introduction The economic reforms adopted by China in 70s and 80s certainly succeeded in changing the global perception about China. It was only owing to these reforms that the sectors devoid of state interference exhibited a marked growth. The opening up of the Chinese economy definitely made way for foreign investment and trade. However, the momentum of reforms in China though steady has been more or less cautious and slow. Ushering in of the reforms led to a minimal yet conclusive delegation of...The Chinese GDP stood at $ 3.42 trillion in the year 2007 (McGregor 2007). Credible experts and institutions expect the Chinese economy to become the world's largest economy by the end of 21st century. However, the development in China exhibits gross income disparities, a trend bolstered by the ensuing liberalization of the domestic markets. Not to mention that an undemocratic political setup has multifarious ramifications those have a direct detrimental impact on the economy. With the fruits of pros perity appropriated by urban centres and politically elite, the human resource development in China has been non-uniform and slow (Plafker 2008). The Western corporations attuned to much liberal and open system do tend to be positive yet apprehensive about venturing into the Chinese climes. The economic reforms adopted by China in 70s and 80s certainly succeeded in changing the global perception about China. It was only owing to these reforms that the sectors devoid of state interference exhibited a marked growth. The opening up of the Chinese economy definitely made way for foreign investment and trade. However, the momentum of reforms in China though steady has been more or less cautious and slow. Ushering in of the reforms led to a minimal yet conclusive delegation of power and responsibility to the local players (Hexter 2007).

Effect of Concentration and Temperature on the Rate of Reaction Essay

Effect of Concentration and Temperature on the Rate of Reaction - Essay Example An understanding of what have an effect on the speed of a reaction and how it can be changed is consequently very significant to a chemist. A higher concentration of reactants leads to more effective collisions per unit time, which leads to an increasing reaction rate (except for zero order reactions). Similarly, a higher concentration of products tends to be associated with a lower reaction rate. Use the partial pressure of reactants in a gaseous state as a measure of their concentration. Usually, an increase in temperature is accompanied by an increase in the reaction rate. Temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of a system, so higher temperature implies higher average kinetic energy of molecules and more collisions per unit time. A general rule of thumb for most (not all) chemical reactions is that the rate at which the reaction proceeds will approximately double for each 10C increase in temperature. Once the temperature reaches a certain point, some of the chemical species may be altered (e.g., denaturing of proteins) and the chemical reaction will slow or stop. Each member of Alkanoic acids has one carboxyl group. Alkanoic acids are therefore aliphatic monocarboxylic acids. Consequently, we an represent the series with the formula RCOOH. The hydrogen atom in the carboxyl group can form a hydrogen ion in aqueous solution. Hence, members of the series are monobasic acids. Methanoic acid has a corrosive action on the skin. It occurs in the stings of ants, bees and stinging nettles (Blackburn, 1999). Properties of Methanoic acid They are weak monobasic acids. They turn litmus red, liberate hydrogen from liberate hydrogen from metals above hydrogen in the activity series and they react with bases and carbonates. Methanoic acid is the strongest acid in the series. The salts produced from the reaction is known as Methanoates (Blackburn, 1999) They react with alcohol to form esters and water. The reaction is reversible and a good yield of ester is only possible if a catalyst, such as concentrated sulphuric acid is present. Normally we use a large excess of alcohol (Blackburn, 1999). Esters are sweet smelling liquid or solids. They are used to make perfumes or artificial flavorings. Esters are not very reactive. The most important reaction of an ester is its conversion back to the acid and alcohol from which it is derived. This is known as hydrolysis. It is performed by boiling with a mineral acid or better with an alcoholic alkaline solution (Blackburn, 1999). Bromine Symbol: Br Atomic Number: 35 Period: 4 Common valence: 1, 3, 5, and 7 Atomic Weight: 79.904 Natural State: Liquid Common Isotopes: Bromine has 2 stable isotopes, bromine-79 and bromine-81, which occur in about equal proportions in nature. There are several known radio isotopes. PROPERTIES: Bromine is

Sequential and Selection Process Control Structure Essay Example for Free

Sequential and Selection Process Control Structure Essay Associate Program Material Appendix G Sequential and Selection Process Control Structure In the following example, the second line of the table specifies that tax due on a salary of $2,000. 00 is $225. 00 plus 16% of excess salary over $1,500. 00 (that is, 16% of $500. 00). Therefore, the total tax is $225. 00 + $80. 00, or $305. 00. | |Salary Range in Dollars |Base Tax in Dollars |Percentage of Excess | |1 |0. 00-1,499. 99 |0. 00 |15 % | |2 |1,500. 0-2,999. 99 |225. 00 |16 % | |3 |3,000. 00-4,999. 99 |465. 00 |18 % | |4 |5,000. 00-7,999. 99 |825. 00 |20 % | |5 |8,000. 00-14,999. 99 |1425. 00 |25 % | Input |Process |Output | |First name |Get user input |First name | |Last name | |Last name | |Salary | |Salary Salary |Find base tax salary |Bas tax | |Tax table | |Salary range | |Salary range |Determine base tax and |Percentage total |Percentage of excess |percentage of excess |Base tax | |Base tax | | | |Salary |Determine gross salary |Total tax | |Total tax due | |Tax due | |Base tax | |Gross salary | |First name |Display the gross salary |First name | |Last name | |Last name | |Salary | |Salary | |Gross salary | |Gross salary | |Input |Process |Output | |Salary = 0. 0 |Determine salary and taxes |Error message | | | |Salary = 0. | | | |Taxes = 0. 0 | |Salary 15000. 00 |Determine salary and taxes | Error message | | | |Salary = 0. 0 | | | |Taxes = 0. 0 | |Salary = 0. 01 |Determine salary and taxes |Salary = 0. 1 | | | |Taxes = 0. 0015 | |Salary = 1000. 00 |Determine salary and taxes |Salary = 1000. 00 | | | |Taxes = 150 | |Salary = 1499. 99 |Determine salary and taxes |Salary = 1499. 00 | | | |Taxes = 225. 00 |

Apologia Marine Essay Example for Free

Apologia Marine Essay 1. Definitions a. Metabolism- The process by whichc a living organism takes energy from its surroundings and uses it to sustain itself, develop and grow. b. Photosynthesis-the process by which an organism uses the energy from the sun to produce its own food c. Autotrophs- organisms that are able to produce their own food d. Heterotrophs- organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain it from other organisms e. respiration the process by which food is converted into usable energy for life functions f. homeostasis the tendency of living organisms to control or regulate changes in their internal environment g. diffusion the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration h. osmosis the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane i. osmoconformer and organisms that allows its internal concentration of salts to change in order to match the external concentration of salts in the surrounding water j. Osmo regulator an organism that regulates its internal concentration of salts k. Poikilotherm- an organism whose body temperature changes with its surrounding environment l. ectotherm an organism whose body temperature is controlled by its surrounding environment m. homeotherm- an animal that maintains a controlled internal body temperature using its own heating and cooling of mechanisms n. Endotherm- an animal whose internal body temperature is a result of internal sources of heat o. a sexual reproduction reproduction accomplished by a single organism p. sexual reproduction reproduction that involves the union of gametes from two organisms: a male and a female q. binomial nomenclature identifying an organism by a genus and species name 2. carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids 3. oxygen levels would be lower at night than during the day 4. no, they must feed on extra material made by photos synthesizing plants 5. no, both groups containing organisms like that 6. population 7. water will travel through osmosis to the outside 8. the body fluids would change. There would be more concentration of  dissolved substances in the body 9. no. They could have warm blood if their environment is warm 10. yes 11. no 12. the plant from the cutting 13. the cell with 24 chromosomes 14. the cell with 12 chromosomes 15. yes

American Public University System Characteristics

American Public University System Characteristics Delainah E. Borgonia StarTeam StarTeam is a change management system that was developed by a company named Micro Focus. The systems main intent is to support an enterprise that can service anyone, no matter where they are located. This system is mainly used in my organization as a software development tracking tool that allows you to track the software development lifecycle through the StarTeam Change Request Workflow process. It also allows the program managers and system developers the ability to collaborate on projects and track the change management. Workflow is a term used to describe by which members of an organization completes difficult tasks or projects. This process allows one user to begin a task and pass it along to the next individual for review. Once that user is complete with their portion they will pass the project to another person to complete and finalize the review. This process will continue on until the project is developed, tested and deployed into production. Characteristics of the Users of the System The employees that mainly use the StarTeam system are the requirement managers, project managers, project functionals, analysts and system developers. The requirement and project managers responsibility is to review and validate the change requirements and update the objective scoring module in the Requirement Management System prior to it being imported into StarTeam. The project functional system evaluates the request, then decides if the request should be pursued. Once the project is given the go ahead, the project goes through the analysts for review and accuracy, then to the software developers to write code and develop the system. Features and Usage of the System The StarTeam Change Request Workflow strictly defines the change requests process, enhancing productivity and facilitating management oversight. The workflow also enforces the security it requires to ensure only authorized personnel for specific data can update that data element at the appropriate point in the workflow. All change request in StarTeam are controlled by a workflow. The workflow allows users to track the progress of any change request from when it is entered into StarTeam, to when it is closed. Each department that has a role to perform on the change request is reflected by the Air Force Change Request Status of the change request. Upon logging into StarTeam the first thing you see is a listing of projects broken out by system name. When clicking on a project, the main window that pops up is the Cross-Platform Client also known as the project view window. The Content Perspective view is the default view that you see when you open the Cross-Platform Client. On the Cross- Platform Client view is a series of Menus from the folder tree, upper pane, component tabs, and lower pane, and information tabs. The most important menu we use is the Upper Pane menu that consist of a list of items associated with the folder that is displayed in the folder tree. Even though each folder can contain items of different types of projects, the upper pane displays only one type of data at a time. This is where we are able to see where in the workflow process our project is currently at. The Enterprise workflow process starts at the status of Enter. This is a system status that is invisible to the user. The user is automatically advance to New for standard workflow or Technical Analysis for maintenance workflow. Under the New status the change request is imported from another system call Remedy and the Requirements Management System as well as those created manually inputted directly into StarTeam. For all manually created change requirements, the user will enter the required data using the change request form. For all others that are imported, the data required is captured during the import process and the change request is then displayed with an Air Force Change Request Status of New. The status is reviewed by the Air Force Personnel Operations Agency (AFPOA) Management. Once complete, it is then assigned to an AFPOA Functional and the status is changed to AFPOA Functional. While in the AFPOA Functional status the request is reviewed by the assigned AFPOA Functional. Fields such as the Description, Synopsis, Contact, Info, and Application System are validated at this point. This is where any files in support of the change request are checked into StarTeam and linked to the requirement. If the change request affects multiple systems, the AFPOA Functional will coordinate the creation of additional StarTeam change requests. All change requests and requirements arising from the change request will be linked even if they are in different projects originating from this change request. Within this status there are multiple sub-statuses to allow AFPOA to monitor the change request throughout the AFPOA process. Once the change request has moved through the AFPOA process the change request is ready for the business process owners (BPO) input, the AFPOA Functional will then change the request status to BPO Eval and inform the BPO that it is ready for their coordin ation. In the BPO Eval status the BPO will update the weighted factors and review the data entered thus far to ensure the change request accurately reflects the desired system change. When the BPO has finished the actions required, the status is changed to AFPOA QC and the AFPOA point of contact is notified that the change request is ready for their action. While in the AFPOA QC status the point of contact performs their final validation of the change request before it is made available for the Project Management Office (PMO) to begin their work on the change request. Once the change request is ready for the PMO, the AFPOA QC changes the status to Tech Analysis for the Analyst QCs coordination. In the Tech Analysis status the requirement is assigned to an analyst. The analyst will check-in any supporting documentation and link it to the change request. While in this status there are multiple sub-statuses in order to allow the project management office analysts to monitor the coordination throughout the Technical Analysis process. Once complete, the change request status is changed back to the AFPOA Functional for their approval. At this point, the AFPOA Functional reviews the change request to determine if it is ready for development. When the requirement is ready for development, the AFPOA Functional changes the status to Development. During the development step the change request is assigned to a developer by the Developer QC. The developer will complete the required modifications to the code and any documentation will be checked-in to StarTeam and linked to the change request. Once the requirement is coordinated through the developer the change request is developed and ready for testing. The Developer QC changes the status to Testing and the Test Manager is notified that the change request is ready for testing. Once the testing manager assigns the requirement to a tester, the tester executes the test plan in accordance to the requirement. There are several Test Phases that the requirement goes through before the change request is ready for acceptance testing. Once the requirement is ready for acceptance t esting, the Test Manager changes the status to Acceptance Testing, then the Test Manager notifies the AFPOA QC and notifies them that the change request is ready for action. During the Acceptance Testing step the AFPOA QC changes the Test Phase on the Testing tab to User Acceptance Testing and the Test Status to Testing Ready. After testing is completed successfully, the AFPOA QC changes the Test Status to Passed. When the change request is ready for production the AFPOA QC changes the status to Prod Ready and notifies the analyst that the change request is awaiting their action. In Prod Ready status the analyst prepares the change request and links any files for migration to production. After the migration is complete the analyst will change the status to Released. After all the actions are accomplished for production, the requirements status is changed to Closed and the closure reason to Released. That completes the Enterprise Workflow process and the desired system change is released to all users with the new system capability. Impact of the System The lack of StarTeam would hamper the developmental cycle and dramatically increase the time it would take to implement a new IT system. StarTeam is the glue that holds the entire system together. It documents all of the steps in the development cycle. All comments and notes are store on the StarTeam server. If someone needs to go back and check to see if a step was missing, that information is available for everyone on the project team to look at and evaluate. Life without StarTeam would definitely cause our employees to do everything manually. Doing things manually will dramatically increase the time spent on a project, as well as an increase in cost to pay the employees for the additional time needed to process each project. An increase of employees would also be required in order to keep track of each project status. Doing things this way will cause a tremendous delay and an increase in the cost of any system enhancement submitted, which in turn can cause mission degradation for the Air Force. One negative impact StarTeam has, is that the main users of the system are overly-dependent on the system and are not able to accomplish their job if the system was to go down because every change requirement project they are working on is stored in StarTeam. They have no other tracking mechanism they use to track and store the requirements that are being worked. Conclusion StarTeam is a critical system to the Air Force development cycle because of what we use it for. Ive discussed how we used StarTeam through the enterprise workflow process. The first step is for the BPO to submit a needs requirement statement into the Requirement Management System which then flows into StarTeam. Once the requirements needs statement is submitted, the appropriate functional system manger evaluates the request, then decides if the request should be perused. If the project is given the go ahead, the project moves to the next step in the requirements process which is the project development. While in project development, the software developers begin to write code and develop the system. After the development is complete, the project, then moves into the testing cycle. In the testing cycle, bugs and defects are found and fixed. The main goal of testing is to ensure the system works as designed. Once testing is complete the project is deployed with the new or updated syste m capability. The lack of StarTeam will definitely delay any system enhancement submitted and cause us not to complete our Air Force mission.

Computers and Health :: Medicine Biology Technology Essays

Computers and Health Computers can be responsible for a number of diseases, such as: eye strains, wrist injuries, back problems, stomach ulcers or mental collapse. Not so long ago was it thought that computers, which could perform calculations and process data with high speed and complete accuracy, would free up humans to only work 3-4 hours a day. But now, humans are working harder than ever. Stress Stress is often a major sector of work related illness. Simply the though of computers can cause stress in some people. It is also stressful: * To be asked to complete a task, which is new to you and you are not sure that you will be able to cope with it; * To know you have more work to do, than you can finish, in the available time; * To have too little work to do and to be bored all day. The introduction of computers into the workplace can have harmful effects on the well beings of information workers at many different levels in an organisation. For example: * Some companies monitor their employees output. This can often increase stress levels. Symptoms include headaches, sleeplessness and stomach ulcers.) * Many peoples fare afraid of computers and fear that the will not learn new skills, or that their position of seniority will be undermined by computer 'whizz-kids'. * It can be almost impossible for people to get away from office work due to mobile, pagers laptop computers and modems. * 'Information overload' means that managers are often bombarded with more information than they can actually take-in. Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) These are the disorders affecting the neck, shoulders and upper limbs. It can result in numbness or tingling in the arms and hands, aching and stiffness in the arm, neck and shoulders, and an inability to lift objects. Some sufferers cannot even pour a cup of tea with out experiencing extreme pain. Eyestrain Computer users are prone to eyestrain due to long hours in front of a screen. There is no evidence that a computer can cause permanent damage to eyes, but glare, improper lighting, improper corrected vision and poor work practices all contribute to temporary eyestrain. Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Radiation In normal day life we are exposed to ELF from sources such as, electricity from the mains, sunshine, fire, earths own magnetic field and computers. Studies have been carried out to investigate if there is a distinct link between miscarriages and ELF emitted by computers. Studies have vaguely showed that long hours spent at a VDU in the first trimester of pregnancy, has played a part in the leading to miscarriages. Computers, Health and the Law 'The Health and Safety Regulations of 1992' reads as follows:

Yemen Essay -- Yemens Government, Politics

In spite of Yemen’s desire to be a world player, internal strife and an upswing of insurgent activity is pulling the country apart. Yemen occupies the southernmost region of the Arabian Peninsula, sharing boarders with Saudi Arabia and Oman. Yemen enjoys many miles of coastline. The port of Aden is so located as to be the shipping center for the country. This paper’s purpose is to provide information and intelligence assessment for the following areas; history, government, foreign relations, demographics, economy, military and the current threat posed by Yemen. An influx of militants from Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Afghanistan has raised concerns that Yemen has become an Al-Qaede haven (2). This concern contrasts with the government’s efforts in counterterrorism and the goal of being a legitimate world player. I assess that Yemen has seen what seems to be a typical inception and growth for countries of the Middle-East. Prior to the region being named â€Å"Yemen†, it fell under the control of several fleeting kingdoms between the 12th century BC and the 6th century AD. Beginning in the 7th century AD, Islamic caliphs began to exercise control within the region later known as Yemen (1). The Ottoman Turks, as they gained control of the Middle East occupied all of Northern Yemen until there withdraw in 1918 (1). As World War II draws to an end, Yemen joins the Arab League in 1945 and the U.N. in 1947 (1). However, at this point Yemen is still divided in to two states, the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY). It took years for the two factions to agree on unification and another decade for a constitution to be agreed to. On 22 May 1990 The Republic of Yemen was declared. I assess that Yemen’s... ...le-East countries, is standing in between the government’s progressive policies and the extremist views of the Muslim radicals. And in a time where having the wrong ally can bring the wrath of the radicals down on you, Yemen is looking in all directions for help. The civil discontent, a weak economy and a growing number of terrorist calling Yemen home put Yemen in a precarious position. The aid they receive from the U.S. helps the government and people while at the same time allowing the insurgents to point fingers at week leadership. As for the U.S., we must proceed cautiously. A true ally in region is invaluable. But a weak ally could draw the U.S. into further conflicts or stretch the amount of aid we send to a region. In my opinion it is better to keep Yemen close. Helping Yemen along allows us to keep our finger a little more closely on the pulse of our foes.